He was the second son from a family of at least 9 children of Michael Finley by Ann daughter of Samuel O'Neill.
At least 2 of his brothers,
Rev James Finley and Rev Andrew Finley, became ministers.
It is likely that Samuel Finley was a graduate of William Tennant's
Log College, in Neshaminy, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, known for its training of evangelical Presbyterian ministers who played a role in the 18th Century religious revival known as The Great Awakening. Finley also was awarded an honorary degree by the University of Glasgow.
http://etcweb.princeton.edu/CampusWWW/Companion/log_college.html
On
September 26, 1744 Samuel Finley married Sarah Hall (1728- July 30, 1760), daughter of Joseph Hall and Rebecca Rutter. Various sources report five sons and three daughters were born of this union. On May 13, 1761, he married Ann Clarkson (1730-1807), daughter of Matthew Clarkson and Cornelia de Peyste, of Philadelphia. They reportly had issue.
Finley's first wife, Sarah Hall, was the sister of Susanna Hall Harvey, the mother of Dr.
Benjamin Rush, a signer of the Declaration of Independence. Benjamin Rush moved into the Finley home at the age of six (some sources say eight) upon the death of his father, and was one of Finley's students at West Nottingham Academy. Finley is said to have convinced Rush to become a physician. Rush later attended Finley as Finley's physician at the time of Finley's death.
Another signer of the Declaration of Independence,
Richard Stockton, studied under Rev. Finley at West Nottingham Academy. Stockton's daughter, Julia, subsequently married Benjamin Rush.
During Finley's five year presidency at Princeton, the college graduated 130 students, including the Rev.
James Manning (graduated in 1762), the founder and first president of
Brown University; Ebenezer Hazard (1762), the third
United States Postmaster General; William Paterson (1763), the second governor of the State of New Jersey; the Rev.
Samuel Kirkland (1765), founder and first president of
Hamilton College; David Ramsay (1765), physician and historian of the American Revolution; and
Oliver Ellsworth (1766), the third
Chief Justice of the United States. Finley's sermons, Hazard said: "were calculated to inform the ignorant, to alarm the careless and secure, and to edify and comfort the faithful".
It is thought that the so-called "Stamp Act Trees" (sycamores) planted in front of the then-President's home at Princeton were planted by Finley.
http://etcweb.princeton.edu/CampusWWW/Companion/finley_samuel.html
Samuel Finley Breese Morse, the developer of the
telegraph and the namesake of
Morse Code, was Finley's great-grandson via his daughter, Rebecca.
