Cosmas of Prague (c.
1045 –
October 21, 1125) was a
Bohemian priest, writer and historian born in a noble family in Bohemia. Between 1075 and 1081, he studied in
Liège. After his return to Bohemia, he became a priest and married Božetěcha, with whom he probably had a son. In 1086 Cosmas was appointed
prebendary (
canonicus) of
Prague, which was quite a prestigious position. As prebendary he also travelled through Europe on official matters.
His
magnum opus, written in
Latin, is called
Chronica Boëmorum (
"Chronicle of Bohemians"). The
Chronica is divided into three books:
* The first book, completed in 1119, starts with the creation of the world and ends in the year 1038. It describes the foundation of the Bohemian state by the oldest Bohemians around the year 600 (Duke
Bohemus, Duke
Krok and his three daughters), Queen
Libuše and the foundation of
Přemyslid dynasty by her marriage with
Přemysl, old bloody wars, Duke
Bořivoj and the introduction of Christianity in Bohemia,
Saint Wenceslaus and his grandmother
Saint Ludmila, reign of the three Boleslavs, the life of
Saint Adalbert and bloody wars after year 1000.
* The second book describes Bohemian history for the years 1038–1092. The book starts with the heroic deeds of Duke
Břetislav, known as the "Bohemian
Achilles", for example with his victory over
Poland. The
Chronica also describes the long and great reign of King
Vratislav, who was a strong ruler but brave and good man. There is also a reflection on his wars in
Italy; this book ends with Vratislav's death.
* The third book (1092–1125) starts with a description of the time of instability and bloody civil wars after Vratislav's death between years 1092 and 1109. The
Chronica ends with the reign of
Vladislav between 1109 and 1125. In same year, 1125, Cosmas died.
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