Maria Augusta von Trapp (née Kutschera; January 26 1905 – March 28 1987) was the matriarch of the Trapp Family Singers. Her story and that of her family's escape from the Nazis after the Anschluss was the inspiration for the musical The Sound of Music.

Maria Kutschera was born in 1905 in Austria on a train going from her parent's Tyrol village to a hospital in Vienna. She was an orphan by her seventh birthday. She graduated from the State Teachers College for Progressive Education in Vienna at age 18, in 1923. She entered Nonnberg Abbey, a Benedictine (Roman Catholic) convent in Salzburg, intending to become a nun. While still a novice, she was asked to teach one of the seven children of widowed naval commander Georg Ritter von Trapp and his first wife, Agathe Whitehead von Trapp. Maria and Georg were married on November 26, 1927.

Trapp lost his fortune in 1935. Previously, it had been safely invested in a bank in London. The Captain, to help Mrs. Lammer, a friend in the banking business, withdrew the money from the English bank and deposited it in Mrs. Lammer's bank, which promptly failed. Austria had been experiencing economic pressure as a result of German pressure and other factors.

To survive, the Trapps sent away most of their servants, moved into the top floor, and rented the empty rooms to students of the Catholic University. The Archbishop sent Father Wasner to stay with them as their chaplain, and the family began turning its love of music into a career. After performing at a festival in 1935, they became a popular touring act. Shortly after the Nazi annexation of Austria in 1938, the family moved to Italy and then to the United States. The family home became the headquarters of Heinrich Himmler.

Initially calling themselves the Trapp Family Choir, the von Trapps began to perform in the United States. After an unsuccessful engagement with Charles Wagner, they signed on with F. C. ("Freddie") Schang. Freddie thought the name Trapp Family Choir was too churchy, and otherwise "Americanized" their repertoire, and at his suggestion, the group changed its name to the Trapp Family Singers. The family, which by then included ten children, became famous in a new context and was soon touring the world. After the war, they founded the Trapp Family Austrian Relief, Inc., which sent hundreds of thousands of pounds of food and clothing to impoverished Austria.

The Trapps made their home at a 660-acre farm in Stowe, Vermont, in 1942, where they founded a music camp. Georg von Trapp died of lung cancer on May 30, 1947.

Maria's book, The Story of the Trapp Family Singers, was a best-seller. It was made into two successful German/Austrian films. * Die Trapp-Familie (1956) * Die Trapp-Familie in Amerika (1958).

The book was later adapted into The Sound of Music, a successful Broadway musical by Rodgers and Hammerstein, which resulted in an immensely popular U.S. motion picture. The Sound of Music, with music and lyrics by Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein II, opened on Broadway in the fall of 1959, starring Mary Martin and Theodore Bikel. It was a success, running for more than three years. The film version set box office records, but the Baroness von Trapp said she received only about $500,000 in royalties.

In 1957, the Trapp Family Singers disbanded and went their separate ways. Maria and three of her children became missionaries in the South Pacific. Maria later moved back to Vermont and managed the Trapp Family Lodge until her death in 1987, at the age of 82. Maria von Trapp, her husband Georg, and Hedwig von Trapp (1917–1972), the fifth child of Georg and Agathe von Trapp, are interred in the family cemetery at the Lodge. The Lodge is now managed by Georg and Maria's son Johannes. It remains one of Vermont's most popular tourist destinations and also serves as one of the main concert sites for the Vermont Mozart Festival.

Four of the couple's great-grandchildren, all children of Stefan von Trapp, the son of Georg's son Werner, sing as the Von Trapp Children. Maria von Trapp's granddaughter, Elisabeth von Trapp, is a singer whose concerts are a mixture of Gregorian chant, musical comedy, country and contemporary folk.

Maria von Trapp makes a cameo appearance in the movie version of The Sound of Music. For an instant, she, her daughter Rosmarie, and Werner's daughter Barbara can be seen walking past an archway during the song, "I Have Confidence", at the line, "I must stop these doubts, all these worries/If I don't, then I know I'll turn back."

She died in 1987, on March 28, of heart failure in Morrisville, Vermont, three days after surgery.

*The Story of the Trapp Family Singers - Maria Augusta Trapp. Philadelphia, Lippincott 1949 *Around the Year with the Trapp Family - Maria Augusta Trapp. Garden City, New York: Doubleday, 1952 New York, Pantheon 1955 *A Family on Wheels: Further Adventures of the Trapp Family Singers - Maria Augusta Trapp with Ruth T. Murdoch. Philadelphia, Lippincott, c1959 *Yesterday, Today and Forever: The Religious Life of a Remarkable Family - Maria Augusta Trapp. Garden City, New York: Doubleday, 1952 *Maria - Maria von Trapp. Carol Stream, Ill., Creation House 1972 *Let Me Tell You About My Savior - Maria Von Trapp. Green Forest, AR : New Leaf Press, c2000

* The story of the von Trapp family, from the Alps to the the ski resort of Stowe, Vermont *Movie vs. Reality: The Real Story of the von Trapp Family *The Trapp Family Lodge **History of the Trapp Family from the Trapp Family Lodge web site *Site for the Von Trapp great-grandchildren *The documentary film "The von Trapp Family: Harmony and Discord"