Anthony Boucher (born William Anthony Parker White) (August 21, 1911 – April 29, 1968) was an American science fiction editor and writer of mystery novels and short stories. He was particularly influential as an editor. Between 1942 and 1947 he acted as reviewer of mostly mystery fiction for the San Francisco Chronicle. In addition to Anthony Boucher, White also employed the pseudonyms Herman W. Mudgett and H. H. Holmes, which were the name and alias, respectively, of a 19th-century serial killer.

White was born in Oakland, California, and went to college at the University of Southern California. He later received a Masters degree from the University of California, Berkeley. He was admired for his mystery writing but was most noted for his editing, his science fiction anthologies, and his mystery reviews for many years in The New York Times. He was the first English translator of Jorge Luis Borges, translating "El jardín de senderos que se bifurcan" for Ellery Queen's Mystery Magazine. He helped found the Mystery Writers of America in 1946 and, in the same year, was one of the first winners of the MWA's Edgar Award for his mystery reviews in the San Francisco Chronicle. He was founding editor (with J. Francis McComas) of The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction from 1949 to 1958, and was seminal in attempting to make literary quality an important aspect of science fiction. He won the Hugo award for Best Professional Magazine in 1957 and 1958. Boucher also edited the long-running Best from Fantasy and Science Fiction anthology series, 1952-1959.

Boucher also scripted for radio and was involved in many other activities, as described by William F. Nolan in his essay, "Who Was Anthony Boucher?": :The 1940s proved to be a very busy and productive decade for Boucher. In 1945 he launched into a spectacular three-year radio career, plotting more than 100 episodes for The Adventures of Ellery Queen, while also providing plots for the bulk of the Sherlock Holmes radio dramas. By the summer of 1946 he had created his own mystery series for the airwaves, The Casebook of Gregory Hood. ("I was turning out three scripts each week for as many shows," he stated. "It was a mix of hard work and great fun.")

:Tony left dramatic radio in 1948, "mainly because I was putting in a lot of hours working with J. Francis McComas in creating what soon became The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction. We got it off the ground in 1949 and saw it take hold solidly by 1950. This was a major creative challenge and although I was involved in a lot of other projects, I stayed with F&SF into 1958."

:Indeed, throughout his years with the magazine, Boucher was certainly involved in "a lot of other projects." Among them: ::• Supplying the SF and crime markets with new fiction. ::• Teaching an informal writing class from his home in Berkeley. ::• Continuing his Sunday mystery columns for the New York Times Book Review. ::• Functioning as chief critic for Ellery Queen's Mystery Magazine. ::• Reviewing SF and fantasy (as H.H. Holmes) for the New York Herald Tribune. ::• Editing True Crime Detective. ::• Supervising the Mercury Mystery Line and (later) the Dell Great Mystery Library. ::• Hosting Great Voices, his series of historical opera recordings for Pacifica Radio. ::• Serving (in 1951) as president of Mystery Writers of America.

:In addition to all of this, Tony was a devoted poker player, a political activist, a rabid sport fan (football, basketball, track, gymnastics and rugby), an active "Sherlockian" in the Baker Street Irregulars and a spirited chef.

With respect to his scripting of the Sherlock Holmes radio dramas, Nigel Bruce, who played Dr. Watson, had this to say: "Boucher was a San Franciscan who had a sound knowledge of Conan Doyle and a great affection for the two characters of Holmes and Watson."

Anthony Boucher died of lung cancer on April 29, 1968 at the Kaiser Foundation Hospital in Oakland.

The annual Anthony Boucher Memorial World Mystery Convention was named in his honor.

* The Case of the Seven of Calvary (1937) * The Case of the Crumpled Knave (1939) * The Case of the Baker Street Irregulars (1940) * Nine Times Nine (as H.H. Holmes (1940) * The Case of the Solid Key (1941) * Rocket to the Morgue (as H.H. Holmes) (1942) * The Case of the Seven Sneezes (1942)

* Far and Away; Eleven Fantasy and SF Stories (1955) (fantasy and science fiction) * The Compleat Werewolf and Other Stories of Fantasy and SF (1969) (fantasy and science fiction) * Exeunt Murderers (1983) (mysteries) * The Compleat Boucher (1999) (fantasy and science fiction)

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* New General Catalog of Old Books and Authors * Clute and Nicholls, 1993, The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction, St. Martins. ISBN 0-312-13486-X

* A. Boucher page * * On Anthony Boucher, David Langford * Photo * Review, The Compleat Boucher