Joan Fontaine (born October 22 1917) is an Academy Award-winning American actress, who became an American citizen in April 1943.

She was born Joan de Beauvoir de Havilland in Tokyo, Japan, the younger daughter of Walter de Havilland, and the former Lilian Augusta Ruse, a British actress known by her stage name of Lilian Fontaine, who married in 1914. Fontaine's father, Walter, was a British patent attorney with a practice in Japan.

She is the younger sister of actress Olivia de Havilland, from whom she has been estranged since 1975; both attended Los Gatos High School and the Notre Dame Convent Roman Catholic girls school in Belmont, California.

Joan's parents divorced when she was two. Joan was a sickly child and had developed anemia following a combined attack of the measles and a streptococcic infection. Upon the advice of a physician, Joan's mother moved her and her sister to the United States where they settled in the town of Saratoga, California.

Joan's health improved dramatically and she was soon taking diction lessons along with her sister. She was also an extremely bright child and scored 160 on an intelligence test when she was three. When she was fifteen, Joan returned to Japan and lived with her father for two years.

Joan made her stage debut in the West Coast production of Call It A Day in 1935 and was soon signed to an RKO contract. In later life she appeared on Broadway in Forty Carats.

Her film debut was a small role in No More Ladies (1935). She was selected to appear in a major role alongside Fred Astaire in his first RKO film without Ginger Rogers: A Damsel in Distress (1937) but audiences were disappointed and the film flopped. She continued appearing in small parts in about a dozen films but failed to make a strong impression and her contract was not renewed when it expired in 1939, the same year she married her first husband, the late British actor Brian Aherne. That marriage was not a success.

Her luck changed one night at a dinner party when she found herself seated next to producer David O. Selznick.

She and Selznick began discussing the Daphne du Maurier novel Rebecca, and Selznick asked her to audition for the part of the unnamed heroine. She endured a grueling six-month series of film tests, along with hundreds of other actresses, before securing the part.

Rebecca marked the American debut of British director Alfred Hitchcock. In 1940, the film was released to glowing reviews and Joan was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actress.

She didn't win that year (Ginger Rogers took home the award for Kitty Foyle) but Fontaine did win the following year for Best Actress in Suspicion, which was also directed by Hitchcock. This is the only Academy Award winning performance directed by Hitchcock.

Olivia de Havilland was the first to become an actress; when her sister, Joan, tried to follow her lead, their mother, who allegedly favoured Olivia, refused to let her use the family name. So Joan was forced to invent a name (Joan Burfield, and later Joan Fontaine, utilizing her own mother's former stage name).

Biographer Charles Higham records that the sisters have always had an uneasy relationship, starting in early childhood, when Olivia would rip up the clothes that Joan had to wear as hand-me-downs, forcing Joan to sew them back together. A lot of the feud and resentment between the sisters stems from Joan's perception of Olivia being their mother's favorite child.

Both Olivia and Joan were nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actress in 1942. Joan won first for her role in Alfred Hitchcock's Suspicion (1941) over Olivia's nomination for Hold Back the Dawn (1941). Higham states that Joan "felt guilty about winning; given her lack of obsessive career drive..."

Higham has described the events of the awards ceremony, stating that, as Joan stepped forward to collect her award, she pointedly rejected Olivia's attempts at congratulating her and that Olivia was both offended and embarrassed by her behavior. Several years later, Olivia would remember the slight and exact her own by brushing past Joan, who was waiting with her hand extended, because Olivia had allegedly taken offense at a comment Joan had made about Olivia's then-husband.

Olivia's relationship with Joan continued to deteriorate after the incident at the Academy Awards in 1942. Higham has stated that this was the near final straw for what would become a lifelong feud, but the sisters did not completely stop speaking until 1975.

According to Joan, Olivia did not invite her to a memorial service for their mother, who had recently died. Olivia claims she told Joan, but that Joan had brushed her off, claiming that she was too busy to attend.

Higham records that Joan has an estranged relationship with her own daughters as well, possibly because she discovered that they were secretly maintaining a relationship with their aunt Olivia.

Both sisters have refused to comment publicly about their feud and dysfunctional family relationships.

She went on to continued success in the 1940s, during which she excelled in romantic melodramas. Among her memorable films during this time were The Constant Nymph (1943), Jane Eyre (1944), Ivy (1947), and Letter From An Unknown Woman (1948). Her film successes slowed a bit during the 1950s and she also began appearing in television and on the stage. She won good reviews for her role on Broadway in 1954 as Laura in Tea and Sympathy, opposite Anthony Perkins.

During the 1960s, she continued her stage appearances in several productions, among them Private Lives, Cactus Flower and an Austrian production of The Lion in Winter. Her last theatrical film was The Witches (1966), which she also co-produced. She made sporadic television appearances throughout the 1970s and 1980s and was nominated for an Emmy for the soap opera, Ryan's Hope in 1980.

She resides in Carmel, California, in relative seclusion.

She published her autobiography, No Bed of Roses, in 1979.

Joan Fontaine was married four times:

* Brian Aherne (1939 - 1945) * William Dozier (1946 - 1951) * Collier Young (1952 - 1961) * Alfred Wright, Jr. (1964 - 1969), a magazine editor.

She has one daughter, Deborah Leslie Dozier (born in 1948), from her union with Dozier, and another daughter, Martita, a Peruvian adoptee, who ran away from home. Joan Fontaine has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 1645 Vine Street.

With the death of Katharine Hepburn in 2003, many consider Joan Fontaine and her sister Olivia de Havilland to be the last remaining great leading ladies of 1930s and 1940s Hollywood.

*No More Ladies (1935) *Quality Street (1937) *The Man Who Found Himself (1937) *You Can't Beat Love (1937) *Music for Madame (1937) *A Damsel in Distress (1937) *Maid's Night Out (1938) *A Million to One (1938) *Blond Cheat (1938) *Sky Giant (1938) *The Duke of West Point (1938) *Gunga Din (1939) *Man of Conquest (1939) *The Women (1939) *Rebecca (1940) *Suspicion (1941) *This Above All (1942) *The Constant Nymph (1943) *Jane Eyre (1944) *Frenchman's Creek (1944) *The Affairs of Susan (1945) *From This Day Forward (1946) *Ivy (1947) *Letter from an Unknown Woman (1948) *The Emperor Waltz (1948)

*You Gotta Stay Happy (1948) *Kiss the Blood Off My Hands (1948) *Born to Be Bad (1950) *September Affair (1950) *Darling, How Could You (1951) *The Tragedy of Othello: The Moor of Venice (1952) *Something to Live For (1952) *Ivanhoe (1952) *Decameron Nights (1953) *Flight to Tangier (1953) *The Bigamist (1953) *Casanova's Big Night (1954) *Hollywood Mothers and Fathers (1955) (short subject) *Serenade (1956) *Beyond a Reasonable Doubt (1956) *Island in the Sun (1957) *Until They Sail (1957) *A Certain Smile (1958) *Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea (1961) *Tender Is the Night (1962) *The Witches (1966) *Busby Berkeley (1974) (documentary) *The Users (1978) (TV movie) *All By Myself: The Eartha Kitt Story (1982) (documentary) *Good King Winceslas (1994) (TV movie)

*Fontaine, Joan. No Bed of Roses. Berkley Publishing Group, (1979) ISBN 0-425-05028-9 *Higham, Charles. Sisters: The Story of Olivia De Haviland and Joan Fontaine. Coward McCann, May 1984, 257 pages. *Current Biography 1944. H.W. Wilson Company, 1945.

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