Photograph of Jean Seberg.
Jean Seberg

Overview

Jean Seberg (November 13, 1938September 8, 1979) was an American actress. She starred in 34 films in Hollywood and in France. Seberg became even more of an icon after her roles in numerous French films and the tragedy of her turbulent life.

Biography

Early life
Seberg was born in Marshalltown, Iowa to Edward Seberg and Dorothy Benson. Her family background was Lutheran.
Career
Seberg was discovered by Otto Preminger, who directed her in her first two films. She made her film debut in 1957 in the title role of George Bernard Shaw's Saint Joan. She secured the role after being chosen from 18,000 hopeful actresses. The young Seberg was then thrust into the glaring spotlight and subject of countless Cinderella stories. Expectations were high. When the film was released, reviews were generally mediocre, praising Jean's fresh beauty but finding her in over her head playing Joan. Preminger never came to her defense. Among her roles, she co-starred with Jean-Paul Belmondo in Jean-Luc Godard's classic work of New Wave cinema, Breathless (original French title: A bout de souffle). Seberg also appeared in the 1959 classic Peter Sellers comedy, The Mouse that Roared. In 1969, she appeared in her first and only musical film, Paint Your Wagon, based on Lerner and Loewe's stage musical, but her voice was dubbed. She was one of the many stars in the 1970 disaster film, Airport.
Personal life
During the latter part of the 1960s, Seberg used her high-profile image to voice support for the NAACP and supported Native American school groups such as the Mesquakie Bucks at the Tama settlement near her home town of Marshalltown, for whom she purchased $500 worth of basketball uniforms. She also supported the Black Panther Party. FBI director J. Edgar Hoover considered her a threat to the American state. Her telephone was tapped and her private life has been closely observed. She knew about it and felt chased. In 1970, when she was seven months pregnant, FBI created a false story to leak to the media that the child she was carrying was not fathered by her second husband, Romain Gary but by a member of the Black Panthers Party. The story was reported by Joyce Haber of the Los Angeles Times newspaper., and Newsweek magazine She gave birth to a girl on 23 August, but the infant died two days later. In a press conference she presented the press with a picture of her fetus to demonstrate that the child did not have a father of African heritage. Seberg stated that the trauma of this event brought on premature labor and her child was stillborn. The child was named Nina Gary; the baby was actually fathered by Carlos Navarra. According to her husband, after the loss of their child she suffered from a deep depression and became suicidal. She also became dependent on alcohol and prescription drugs. She made several attempts to take her own life including throwing herself under a train on the Paris Métro.

Seberg's problems were compounded when she went through a form of marriage to an Algerian playboy, Ahmed Hasni, on May 31, 1979. The brief ceremony had no legal force because she had taken film director Dennis Charles Berry as her third husband in 1972 and the marriage was still valid In July, Hasni persuaded her to sell her opulent apartment on the Rue du Bac, and he kept the proceeds (reportedly 11 million francs in cash), announcing that he would use the money to open a Barcelona restaurant. The couple departed for Spain but she was soon back in Paris alone, and went into hiding from Hasni, who she said had grievously abused her.

In August 1979, she went missing and was found dead 11 days later in the back seat of her car in a Paris suburb. The police report stated that she had taken a massive overdose of barbiturates and alcohol (8g per litre). A suicide note ("Forgive me. I can no longer live with my nerves") was found in her hand, and suicide was ultimately ruled the official cause of death. However, it is often questioned how she could have driven to the address in the 16th arrondissement with that amount of alcohol in her body, and without the distance glasses she always maintained she absolutely needed for driving. She was not yet 41 years old when she died. Her second husband, Romain Gary, with whom she had a son, Alexandre Diego Gary, also committed suicide a year after her death.

Seberg was interred in the Cimetière du Montparnasse, Paris, France.
Legacy
Mexican author Carlos Fuentes' novel Diana, The Goddess Who Hunts Alone (1994) is a fictionalized account of an alleged affair with Seberg, although it has not been proven whether the claims of the adulterous liaison - as both were married to others at the supposed time- is fact or just a flight of fancy. In 1995, a documentary of her life was made by Mark Rappaport, titled From the Journals of Jean Seberg. Mary Beth Hurt played Seberg in a voice-over. Coincidentally, Hurt was also born in Marshalltown, Iowa, in 1946, and attended the same high school as Seberg. Seberg was for a short time Hurt's babysitter. A musical, Jean Seberg, by librettist Julian Barry, composer Marvin Hamlisch, and lyricist Christopher Adler, based on Seberg's life, was presented in 1983 at the National Theatre in London.

The short 2000 film Je t'aime John Wayne is a tribute parody of Breathless, with Camilla Rutherford playing Seberg's role. Actress Kirsten Dunst has proposed making a film about Seberg's life. The British band, The Divine Comedy, make reference to 'Little Jean Seberg' in their song titled "Absent Friends".

In 2004, the French author Alain Absire published Jean S., a fictionalised biography. Seberg's son Alexandre Diego Gary brought a lawsuit unsuccessfully attempting to stop publication.

Marshalltown, Iowa hardcore band Modern Life is War dedicates the song "Pendulum" from their 2007 release Midnight in America to Jean Seberg, with lyrics apparently pertaining to her life.

Partial filmography

* Saint Joan - (1957) * Bonjour tristesse - (1958) * The Mouse That Roared - (1959) * Breathless - (1959) - (A bout de souffle) * Five Day Lover - (1961) * In the French Style - (1962) * Lilith - (1964) * The Beautiful Swindlers - (1964) * Échappement libre (Backfire) - (1964) * A Fine Madness - (1966) * Line of Demarcation - (1966) * The Road to Corinth - (1968) * Birds in Peru - (1968) * Pendulum - (1968) * Paint Your Wagon - (1969) * Airport - (1970) * L'attentat - (1972) * Kill! - (1972) * Camorra - (1972) * The Corruption of Chris Miller - (1973) * Les Hautes solitudes - (1974) * Große Ekstase - (1975) * White Horses of Summer - (1975) * The Wild Duck - (1976)

Major sources

*

Footnotes

External links

* *http://www.johngilmore.com/Celebrities/jean_seberg.html Spotlight on Jean Seberg - In Dreams I Walk with You, in Dreams I Talk With You... *Jean Seberg's Gravesite *Website dedicated to Jean Seberg
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This biography says:

Seberg was discovered by Otto Preminger, who directed her in her first two films. She made her film debut in 1957 in the title role of George Bernard Shaw's Saint Joan. She secured the role after being chosen from 18,000 hopeful actresses. The young Seberg was then thrust into the glaring spotlight and subject of countless Cinderella stories...

This biography says:

During the latter part of the 1960s, Seberg used her high-profile image to voice support for the NAACP and supported Native American school groups such as the Mesquakie Bucks at the Tama settlement near her home town of Marshalltown, for whom she purchased $500 worth of basketball uniforms. She also supported the Black Panther Party. FBI director J. Edgar Hoover considered her a threat to the American state. Her telephone was tapped and her private life has been closely observed...

That biography says:

...Hoover has also been accused of trying to undermine the reputations of members of the civil rights movement. His alleged treatment of actress Jean Seberg and Martin Luther King, Jr. are two such examples....

That biography says:

...After Godard, she was married thrice more: to scriptwriter-actor Pierre Fabre (1968-1973), actor-director Daniel Duval (1978-1981) and director Dennis Berry (1982- Present), ex-husband of Jean Seberg and son of American expatriate director John Berry.

This biography says:

...Seberg was for a short time Hurt's babysitter. A musical, Jean Seberg, by librettist Julian Barry, composer Marvin Hamlisch, and lyricist Christopher Adler, based on Seberg's life, was presented in 1983 at the National Theatre in London...

That biography says:

* Imaginary Friends (2002) * Sweet Smell of Success: The Musical (2002) * The Goodbye Girl (1993) * Smile (1986) * Jean Seberg (1983) * They're Playing Our Song (1978) * A Chorus Line (Pulitzer Prize) (1975) * Seesaw (1973) [Dance Arrangements]

This biography says:

...In 1970, when she was seven months pregnant, FBI created a false story to leak to the media that the child she was carrying was not fathered by her second husband, Romain Gary but by a member of the Black Panthers Party. The story was reported by Joyce Haber of the Los Angeles Times newspaper., and Newsweek magazine She gave birth to a girl on 23 August, but the infant died two days later...

That biography says:

...They married in 1944 and divorced in 1961. From 1962 to 1970, Gary was married to the American actress Jean Seberg, with whom he had a son, Alexandre Diego Gary....

This biography says:

...The short 2000 film Je t'aime John Wayne is a tribute parody of Breathless, with Camilla Rutherford playing Seberg's role. Actress Kirsten Dunst has proposed making a film about Seberg's life. The British band, The Divine Comedy, make reference to 'Little Jean Seberg' in their song titled "Absent Friends"...

That biography says:

...She is rumored to have the role of Blondie frontwoman Debbie Harry in director Michel Gondry's upcoming biopic about the band. Dunst also expressed interest in playing Jean Seberg in an upcoming biopic. This would not be Dunst's first foray into music; she made her singing debut in the 2001 film Get Over It, performing two songs written by Marc Shaiman...

That biography says:

After seeing Orson Welles' Touch of Evil at the Expo 58, Godard was influenced to make his first major feature film, Breathless (1960), starring Jean-Paul Belmondo and Jean Seberg. It was a seminal work of the French New Wave. It was a key determiner of the French New Wave's style, and incorporated quotations from several elements of popular culture — specifically American cinema...

That biography says:

...In the late 1950s she shared an exchange she considered 'croiser de deux sillages' with actor and true crime author John Gilmore, then an actor in France for a New Wave film with Jean Seberg. Gilmore told Paris Match: 'I felt a beautiful warmth with Bardot but found it difficult to discuss things to any depth whatsoever'...

This biography says:

...Among her roles, she co-starred with Jean-Paul Belmondo in Jean-Luc Godard's classic work of New Wave cinema, Breathless (original French title: A bout de souffle). Seberg also appeared in the 1959 classic Peter Sellers comedy, The Mouse that Roared. In 1969, she appeared in her first and only musical film, Paint Your Wagon, based on Lerner and Loewe's stage musical, but her voice was dubbed...

That biography says:

Sobieski was born Liliane Rudabet Gloria Elsveta Sobieski in New York City, the daughter of Elizabeth (née Salomon), an American novelist and screenwriter who also works as Sobieski's manager, and Jean Sobieski, a French painter and artist who appeared in French and Italian spaghetti Westerns during his youth, as well as dated actress Jean Seberg. Sobieski's first name, "Liliane", was the name of her paternal grandmother. Sobieski has a younger brother, Robert, who attends Princeton University...

That biography says:

...However, the best known film and stage dramatizations of her life clearly show her experiencing at least some pain at the time of the execution, with the notable exception of Shaw's play </i>Saint Joan, but that is only because the burning takes place offstage in the play - it is shown in the 1957 Otto Preminger film version with Jean Seberg....

That biography says:

...Nico also supplied the music for this film and collaborated closely with the director. Her participation diminished with later films, which included the silent Jean Seberg biopic, Les Hautes Solitudes, released in 1974.

This biography says:

Seberg was discovered by Otto Preminger, who directed her in her first two films. She made her film debut in 1957 in the title role of George Bernard Shaw's Saint Joan...

That biography says:

...Advise and Consent, starring an on-form Charles Laughton; Bonjour Tristesse with David Niven, Deborah Kerr and Jean Seberg, who made her film debut in Preminger's Saint Joan; The Man With the Golden Arm for which Frank Sinatra was Oscar nominated for Best Actor in a Leading Role and Bunny Lake is Missing, a cult-movie starring Laurence Olivier and Carol Lynley, who herself was part of the ensemble cast of The Cardinal....

This biography says:

Mexican author Carlos Fuentes' novel Diana, The Goddess Who Hunts Alone (1994) is a fictionalized account of an alleged affair with Seberg, although it has not been proven whether the claims of the adulterous liaison - as both were married to others at the supposed time- is fact or just a flight of fancy...

That biography says:

...He was married to film star Rita Macedo from 1959 till 1973, although he was an habitual philanderer and allegedly, his affairs -- which he has claimed include film actresses such as Jeanne Moreau and Jean Seberg- brought her to despair. The couple broke up amid scandal when Fuentes eloped with a very pregnant and then-unknown journalist named Silvia Lemus...

That biography says:

Hopper named Stevenson to her list of top movie newcomers in January 1957. Some others selected were Jayne Mansfield, Don Murray, Hope Lange. Jean Seberg, Carroll Baker, and John Kerr. Hopper said of Stevenson, then 18, she is the most purely beautiful of all the new crop of stars...

That biography says:

...In 1997, in "Laid Bare," his first book of memoirs, Gilmore recounts his associations beginning in the 1950s and through the 1960s with Hank Williams, Janis Joplin, Jack Nicholson, Jane Fonda, Dennis Hopper, Brigitte Bardot, Jean Seberg, Steve McQueen, Irish McCalla, Jayne Mansfield, and other personalities.